37621686_0dcd0e12e5_b

Right on Roe: Celebrating a Restoration of Constitutional Principles

Far from violating basic constitutional freedoms, the recent abortion ruling at the U.S Supreme Court powerfully reinstituted crucial and inspired principles designed for the protection of “all flesh.”

Loud has been the chorus of voices condemning the U.S. Supreme Court for its recent abortion decision: “Religious tyranny … an assault on women … rolling back core freedoms,” etc. 

Some of these indignations even insist that the Justices have somehow violated the constitution and other founding principles of this country. I sincerely wonder when was the last time some of these people read these founding documents. I personally love this remarkable statement of foundational principles from the Declaration of Independence:

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

The foundational principles of government in America—unique in the known history of mankind—are that all men are created equal, that the rights they possess are natural and unalienable because they are endowed upon them by their Creator, and that the legitimate purpose of government is to secure those rights. With that in mind, the Founders then set about to design a government that would secure those rights, as circumscribed in the U.S. Constitution. This remarkable document delegated to the federal government very specific, enumerated powers to that end—powers necessary to secure the lives, liberty, and property of the people. The enumerations and limitations placed upon the national government were called by Thomas Jefferson “the chains of the Constitution,” and they were meant to restrain the federal government, not the people.

To argue that the Constitution—which was designed and intended to secure the right to life —also guarantees the right to abort a child makes no sense.

Then, by virtue of the Tenth Amendment, the Framers established that those powers, responsibilities, and areas of authority not specifically granted to the national government by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the states are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Recognizing the specificity of powers granted to the federal government, Justice Samuel Alito, in the majority opinion of Dobbs v. Jackson, wrote:

In interpreting what is meant by ‘liberty,’ the Court must guard against the natural human tendency to confuse what the Fourteenth Amendment protects with the Court’s own ardent views about the liberty that Americans should enjoy. For this reason, the Court has been ‘reluctant’ to recognize rights that are not mentioned in the Constitution.

Abortion is not mentioned in the Constitution. And no power or authority in the Constitution can honestly be construed to guarantee a right to abortion. Therefore, there is no basis in the Constitution for the Roe v. Wade decision. The unfettered right to abortion was a policy preference in 1973 that certain justices on the U.S. Supreme Court wanted to see established. So, they contrived an argument for a guaranteed right to privacy— which is also not mentioned in the Constitution—and then extended that argument to conclude that the right of a woman to abort a child is guaranteed by the Constitution. But to argue that the Constitution—which was designed and intended to secure the right to life —also guarantees the right to abort a child makes no sense. The Roe decision was, in the words of Justice Byron White, the “exercise of raw judicial power.” 

From Justice Alito’s opinion:

Roe found that the Constitution implicitly conferred a right to obtain an abortion, but it failed to ground its decision in text, history, or precedent. It relied on an erroneous historical narrative; it devoted great attention to and presumably relied on matters that have no bearing on the meaning of the Constitution; it disregarded the fundamental difference between the precedents on which it relied and the question before the Court; it concocted an elaborate set of rules, with different restrictions for each trimester of pregnancy, but it did not explain how this veritable code could be teased out of anything in the Constitution, the history of abortion laws, prior precedent, or any other cited source; and its most important rule (that States cannot protect fetal life prior to ‘viability’) was never raised by any party and has never been plausibly explained. Roe’s reasoning quickly drew scathing scholarly criticism, even from supporters of broad access to abortion.

Alito continued:

Without any grounding in the constitutional text, history, or precedent, [Roe v. Wade] imposed on the entire country a detailed set of rules much like those that one might expect to find in a statute or regulation. … Not only did this scheme resemble the work of a legislature, but the Court made little effort to explain how these rules could be deduced from any of the sources on which constitutional decisions are usually based.

Roe v. Wade was not judicial in nature. It was an act of legislation that courts have no business engaging in. It was a classic example of what many of us have come to recognize today:  judicial activism.

The conclusions in Roe v. Wade were manufactured and contrived, but it was a narrative that many people ultimately embraced. Since there was no basis in the Constitution for a ruling on abortion, it should have been referred to the states and the people as the Constitution requires. But that is not what the previous court did. As the Supreme Court ruling continued: 

As Justice White later explained, ‘decisions that find in the Constitution principles or values that cannot fairly be read into that document usurp the people’s authority, for such decisions represent choices that the people have never made and that they cannot disavow through corrective legislation. For this reason, it is essential that this Court maintain the power to restore authority to its proper possessors by correcting constitutional decisions that, on reconsideration, are found to be mistaken.’

And this is what the current Supreme Court has done in Dobbs v. Jackson. They have overturned the false narrative, reinstated Constitution principles, and restored authority to its proper possessors. In doing so, they defended and upheld the Constitution, which it is their sworn duty to do.

Just principles for the rights and protection of all flesh. Restoration scriptures state unequivocally that America was founded under His direction and for His purposes; that those we call the Founders were “wise men whom I raised up unto this very purpose,” and that “I established the Constitution of this land … for the rights and protection of all flesh according to just and holy principles.” 

For those who accept these words as scripture but are dismayed that Roe has been overturned, I would ask: Are you willing to make the case that included among those “just and holy” principles established by the Lord “for the rights and protection of all flesh” is the right to vivisect his children in the womb? To tear them to pieces and discard them? Do you think the Lord considers abortion to be a “just and holy” principle? 

Perish the thought. This is clearly far from being a “just and holy” principle.

Everyone acts, and everyone is accountable.  Further, in the same scriptural text, the Lord says that the reason the Constitution should be maintained is so “that every man may act in doctrine and principle pertaining to futurity, according to the moral agency which I have given unto him, that every man may be accountable for his own sins in the day of judgment.

The great moral questions of our day will not be decided by activist judges, but they will be laid at the feet of you and me. You and I will have to take a stand.

If the Constitution is maintained as it ought to be, then the great moral questions of our day will not be decided by activist judges, but they will be laid at the feet of you and me. You and I will have to take a stand. You and I will have to decide these things because they are “reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

What the Supreme Court has done is precisely what the Lord calls for. By virtue of overturning Roe v. Wade, they have taken a ruling by seven justices in 1973—a ruling which they imposed on the country and which foreclosed on any input from the citizens—and they have returned it to the people. Now, each citizen in their respective states will have to take a stand on abortion, one way or the other, to exercise the moral agency God has given us. In this way, we may now “act in doctrine and principle pertaining to futurity” according to the moral agency that the Lord has given us. And we surely will be accountable to Him for what we have done, or not done, on the day of our judgment. I think that is as it should be.

The least of these. There is one other thing not directly connected with the Dobbs v. Jackson decision but which I think is germane to this subject. I am a man. I have been told many times in many different ways that a man has no business dictating to a woman what she may or may not do with her body. Those arguments would have us believe that the perspective of the mother is the only consideration, with no one else involved.  

Yet when the cold, steel tube is inserted into the base of the skull to vacuum the brains into a medical waste bag, whose brains are vacuumed into that bag? Clearly, it is not the woman’s body that will be torn to pieces and thrown away. It is someone else’s. Should there be no compassion for that unknown and unnamed person? Should that someone else not be spoken for? 

If we are encouraged to care for the rights of “all flesh,” would that not include the flesh of that person being vacuumed into the medical waste bag? Are we not under an obligation to stand up and speak for the child of God that is unable to stand up and speak for him or herself?

“And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me” (Matthew 25:40).

I reject the argument that I cannot stand and advocate for and attempt to defend “one of the least of these my brethren.”

Be not afraid. I close with an excerpt to a 2001 speech by Justice Clarence Thomas before the American Enterprise Institute, entitled “Be Not Afraid”—words that have special relevance in our mob-like American atmosphere today. In part, he said: 

Judges do not cease to be human beings when they go on the bench. In important cases, it is my humble opinion that finding the right answer is often the least difficult problem. Having the courage to assert that answer and stand firm in the face of the constant winds of protest and criticism is often much more difficult … judges can be buffeted by strong winds that tear them away from the basic principles they have sworn to safeguard. Fulfillment of our oath requires us to have both a clear understanding of the principles that allow us to ‘call it as we see it’ and the fortitude to stand by those principles and the decisions that rest upon them. 

He continues, “If we are to be a nation of laws and not of men, judges must be impartial referees who defend constitutional principles from attempts by particular interests (or even the people as a whole) to overwhelm them, in the name of expediency …”

In response to “vile” attacks on those who raise their voices today and repeated attempts (even 20+ years ago) to brand them as  “mean-spirited, racist, Uncle Tom, homophobic, sexist, etc.,” Justice Thomas cautioned against the natural impulse to “censor ourselves,” stating: “This is not civility. It is cowardice, or well-intentioned self-deception at best.” He then continued, “In my humble opinion, those who come to engage in debates of consequence, and who challenge accepted wisdom, should expect to be treated badly. Nonetheless, they must stand undaunted. That is required. And, that should be expected. For, it is bravery that is required to secure freedom.” 

Justice Thomas elaborates:

I do believe that we are required to wade into those things that matter most to our country and our culture, no matter what the disincentives are, and no matter the personal cost. There is not one among us who wants to be set upon, or obligated to do and say difficult things. Yet, there is not one of us who could in good conscience stand by and watch a loved one or a defenseless person—or a vital national principle—perish alone, undefended, when our intervention could make all the difference … If we think something is dreadfully wrong, then someone has to do something.

He then closes with these words: “I leave you with this simple exhortation: ‘Be not afraid.’”

It is bravery, among other virtues, that is required to secure freedom. The justices who voted to overturn Roe v. Wade have acted with bravery. They have done the morally right thing. They have restored, at least in this matter, the Constitution. 

To the many out there who share this desire to defend a defenseless person—or one of the many vital truths today under fire in America—I say with Justice Thomas, be not afraid. 

 

About the author

John C. Greene

John C. Greene owns and operates an insurance agency in Deep River, Conn. He has been married for 47 years to Kyong Sook They have three grown children. He is a 46 year convert to the Church and the author of Walking in Darkness at Noon-Day.
On Key

You Might Also Like

Tabernacle Featured on “American Built”

We wanted to draw your attention to a segment on the new show “American Built.” The show features major architectural and engineering projects across the United States. Their most recent episode featured the development of the Tabernacle at Temple Square. The brief eight-minute video looks at the specific challenges the pioneers faced, and the ways Brigham Young solved those challenges, and the pioneers worked to overcome them.

Is it Time for Latter-day Saints to Support Same-Sex Marriage?

I wanted to thank Blair Hodges for calling attention to an article we ran earlier this year by Professor Robert P. George.  Blair has been a frequent critic of the magazine, and we appreciate his engagement and efforts in drawing attention to the work we’re doing. As one of the pre-eminent political philosophers working today, Professor George’s decision to publish with us was a major sign of legitimacy.  Hodge’s article was, in many ways, perceptive. He noticed that Professor George, and by extension, many of our editors here, is concerned that many people, especially religious people, struggle to justify their beliefs about family, marriage, and sexuality through anything other than appeals to religious authority. (We kindly disagree that these positions are anti-LGBT+ as Blair describes them.) And he’s right about that motivation. Church leaders have been very clear about the doctrine of the family for more than a generation, as we highlighted earlier this year. But where the cultural messaging on sexuality is so dominant, it’s easy for Latter-day Saints to feel overwhelmed and struggle to explain to others why they accept what prophet leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ teach what they do.   And Hodges is right that we hope to make a difference in this regard with our work. But otherwise, his article falls into the same traps of many before him that George and others have largely dealt with. Conflating “Hyper-Individualism” with “Expressive-Individualism” Hodges attempts to address George’s concern with individualism. But he makes a category error. Individualism, as Hodges uses it, seems to be a synonym for selfish. Individualism, as George uses it, means how we define the individual. These are two substantially different concepts. On this basis, Hodges raises concerns about hyper-individualism (hyper-selfish)—pointing out this issue is no more relevant to LGBT+ issues than to anyone else. That’s a fine argument to make, but it really has nothing to do with the point George makes. His point being, how we define the individual is of crucial importance to issues of sexuality. Because today the predominant cultural approach to defining the self is expressive individualism. Expressive individualism is a philosophy that holds that who we are is defined by what we feel we are at our psychological core. And that the greatest good is expressing that psychological core to the world, including through our behavior.  As described by Carl Trueman in his recent book The Rise and Triumph of the Modern Self, this idea has its roots in the work of Romantic philosophers like Jean-Jaques Rousseau and like-minded poets, literary figures, and artists of the 18th and 19th centuries, but largely took off in the 1960s at the beginning of the sexual revolution. Expressive individualism has substantially become our culture’s default approach to defining identity. But many Christians push back on this idea as we choose to make our central identities based on a different foundation.  As articulated by President Nelson in a recent devotional for young adults, he explained that the three identities we should prioritize (and not allow to be obscured) are 1) Child of God 2) Child of the Covenant 3) Disciple of Christ As Latter-day Saints, then, we choose to make those our central identities and base our choices on that foundation.  Hodges also suspects that “queerness would be less ‘central’ to a person’s identity the less social pressure and regulation they’d face about it.”  But what does Hodges mean by less central? If identity powerfully influences the choices we make, then the less central an identity, the less influence it has over our choices. These choices include why, how, when, and with whom someone has sexual relations. Prioritizing disciple of Christ and child of the covenant as identities, as Russell M. Nelson suggests, would lead to different choices about sex than prioritizing sexuality as identity. Love and Disagreement One of Hodges’ main requests is that George “spent more time saying how a person can be loving towards someone while also condemning an important part of their identity.” In our view, this is a tired argument in an already wearisome conversation. Sexuality is not an inevitably central part of identity.  Our editorial team falls across the political spectrum. In each of our lives, we have people who love us despite having serious concerns with that political part of our identity.  Our editorial team are all Latter-day Saints. In each of our lives, we have people who love us despite harboring serious questions about the important religious part of our identity. We’ve also felt loved by people who thought it was a dangerous and outdated idea not to have sex until marriage, constituting an important part of all our sexual identities. But Hodges’ argument suggests it’s somehow impossible to love someone while having honest concerns about how they prioritize the sexual part of their identity.  But of course, it’s not. Not only is it possible, but Christian believers are under clear command to love those we disagree with.  It’s those who demand “you can’t love me unless you agree with my paradigm for identity” that are preaching an extreme and radically alternative  approach to tolerance in a pluralistic society, not those who say, “I love you, but I disagree.” That has been the durable default of pluralistic tolerance that has helped make our diverse nation possible. Race and Sexuality Blair also goes to the old tired well of comparing race and sexuality. This is a comparison that many civil rights activists have rejected.  Dr. Alveda King, Martin Luther King Jr.’s niece, and William Avon Keen, president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference of Virginia, the organization Martin Luther King Jr. started, have rejected the connection between sexuality and race in civil rights.  In fact, George takes on Blair’s point at length in his article in Harvard’s Journal of Law and Public Policy: Revisionists today miss this central question—what is marriage? when they equate traditional marriage laws with laws banning interracial marriage. … But the analogy fails: antimiscegenation was about whom to

Subscribe To Our Weekly Newsletter

Stay up to date on the intersection of faith in the public square.

You have Successfully Subscribed!